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塑料流水槽模具的选材
1、耐磨性
1. Wear resistance
材料的耐磨性是模具最基本、最重要的性能之一。硬度是影响耐磨性的主要因素。一般情况下，模具零件的硬度越高，磨损量越小，耐磨性也越好。另外，耐磨性还与材料中碳化物的种类、数量、形态、大小及分布有关。
The wear resistance of materials is one of the most basic and important properties of dies. Hardness is the main factor affecting wear resistance. Generally speaking, the harder the die parts are, the smaller the wear amount is and the better the wear resistance is. In addition, the wear resistance is also related to the type, quantity, morphology, size and distribution of carbides in the material.
2．强韧性
2. Strength and toughness
塑料流水槽模具的工作条件大多十分恶劣，有些常承受较大的冲击负荷，为防止模具零件在工作时突然脆断，模具要具有较高的强度和韧性。模具的韧性主要取决于材料的含碳量、晶粒度及组织状态。
The working conditions of plastic flume moulds are mostly very bad, and some of them often bear large impact loads. In order to prevent the sudden brittle fracture of the moulds, the moulds should have high strength and toughness. The toughness of the die mainly depends on the carbon content, grain size and structure of the material.
3．疲劳断裂性能
3. Fatigue fracture properties
模具工作过程中，在循环应力的长期作用下，往往导致疲劳断裂。其形式有小能量多次冲击疲劳断裂、拉伸疲劳断裂接触疲劳断裂及弯曲疲劳断裂。模具的疲劳断裂性能主要取决于其强度、韧性、硬度、以及材料中夹杂物的含量。
During the working process of the die, fatigue fracture often occurs under the long-term action of cyclic stress. Its forms include low energy multiple impact fatigue fracture, tensile fatigue fracture, contact fatigue fracture and bending fatigue fracture. The fatigue fracture performance of the die mainly depends on its strength, toughness, hardness and inclusion content in the material.
4．耐冷热疲劳性能
4. Cold and thermal fatigue resistance
有些模具在工作过程中处于反复加热和冷却的状态，使型腔表面受拉、压力变应力的作用，引起表面龟裂和剥落，增大摩擦力，阻碍塑性变形，降低了尺寸精度，从而导致模具失效。冷热疲劳是热作模具失效的主要形式之一。
Some moulds are in the state of repeated heating and cooling in the working process, which makes the surface of the cavity subject to tension and pressure variable stress, causes surface cracking and peeling, increases friction, hinders plastic deformation, reduces dimensional accuracy, and leads to die failure. Cold and thermal fatigue is one of the main failure modes of hot working dies.
5．耐蚀性
5. Corrosion resistance
有些模具如塑料模在工作时，由于塑料中存在氯、氟等元素，受热后分解析出HCI、HF等强侵蚀性气体，侵蚀模具型腔表面，加大其表面粗糙度，加剧磨损失效。
When some moulds such as plastic moulds are working, due to the presence of chlorine, fluorine and other elements in the plastics, HCI, HF and other strong corrosive gases are decomposed and precipitated after heating, which erode the surface of the mould cavity, increase its surface roughness and aggravate wear failure.
1. Wear resistance
材料的耐磨性是模具最基本、最重要的性能之一。硬度是影响耐磨性的主要因素。一般情况下，模具零件的硬度越高，磨损量越小，耐磨性也越好。另外，耐磨性还与材料中碳化物的种类、数量、形态、大小及分布有关。
The wear resistance of materials is one of the most basic and important properties of dies. Hardness is the main factor affecting wear resistance. Generally speaking, the harder the die parts are, the smaller the wear amount is and the better the wear resistance is. In addition, the wear resistance is also related to the type, quantity, morphology, size and distribution of carbides in the material.
2．强韧性
2. Strength and toughness
塑料流水槽模具的工作条件大多十分恶劣，有些常承受较大的冲击负荷，为防止模具零件在工作时突然脆断，模具要具有较高的强度和韧性。模具的韧性主要取决于材料的含碳量、晶粒度及组织状态。
The working conditions of plastic flume moulds are mostly very bad, and some of them often bear large impact loads. In order to prevent the sudden brittle fracture of the moulds, the moulds should have high strength and toughness. The toughness of the die mainly depends on the carbon content, grain size and structure of the material.
3．疲劳断裂性能
3. Fatigue fracture properties
模具工作过程中，在循环应力的长期作用下，往往导致疲劳断裂。其形式有小能量多次冲击疲劳断裂、拉伸疲劳断裂接触疲劳断裂及弯曲疲劳断裂。模具的疲劳断裂性能主要取决于其强度、韧性、硬度、以及材料中夹杂物的含量。
During the working process of the die, fatigue fracture often occurs under the long-term action of cyclic stress. Its forms include low energy multiple impact fatigue fracture, tensile fatigue fracture, contact fatigue fracture and bending fatigue fracture. The fatigue fracture performance of the die mainly depends on its strength, toughness, hardness and inclusion content in the material.
4．耐冷热疲劳性能
4. Cold and thermal fatigue resistance
有些模具在工作过程中处于反复加热和冷却的状态，使型腔表面受拉、压力变应力的作用，引起表面龟裂和剥落，增大摩擦力，阻碍塑性变形，降低了尺寸精度，从而导致模具失效。冷热疲劳是热作模具失效的主要形式之一。
Some moulds are in the state of repeated heating and cooling in the working process, which makes the surface of the cavity subject to tension and pressure variable stress, causes surface cracking and peeling, increases friction, hinders plastic deformation, reduces dimensional accuracy, and leads to die failure. Cold and thermal fatigue is one of the main failure modes of hot working dies.
5．耐蚀性
5. Corrosion resistance
有些模具如塑料模在工作时，由于塑料中存在氯、氟等元素，受热后分解析出HCI、HF等强侵蚀性气体，侵蚀模具型腔表面，加大其表面粗糙度，加剧磨损失效。
When some moulds such as plastic moulds are working, due to the presence of chlorine, fluorine and other elements in the plastics, HCI, HF and other strong corrosive gases are decomposed and precipitated after heating, which erode the surface of the mould cavity, increase its surface roughness and aggravate wear failure.
